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Introduction:
Daptomycin is cyclic lipopeptide that belongs to the class of antibiotics known as lipopeptides. It is derived the bacterium Streptomyces roseosporus and was first approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2003. Daptomycin is known for its potent activity against a wide range of Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE).
Function:
Daptomycin exerts its bactericidal effect by disrupting the bacterial cell membrane. It binds to the bacterial cell membrane, causing depolarization and resultant cell death. Unlike many other antibiotics, daptomycin exhibits rapid bactericidal activity, making it effective in treating severe infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria.
Application:
Daptomycin is primarily used for the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSI), bacteremia, and right-sided infective endocarditis caused by susceptible Gram-positive organisms. It is often reserved for cases where other antibiotics have failed or when the infection is resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Daptomycin is available in intravenous form for administration in a hospital setting under medical supervision.
Due to its broad-spectrum activity and efficacy against drug-resistant bacteria, daptomycin has become an important tool in the management of serious Gram-positive infections. It has revolutionized the treatment landscape by providing an alternative option for patients with limited treatment choices. However, it is important to note that daptomycin is not effective against Gram-negative bacteria, and its use should be guided by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and clinical judgment.
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